Before his appointment to the Tribunal, Bruno Simma served as a Judge at the International Court of Justice from 2003 until 2012. From 1987 to 1996, he was a member of the UN Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights; from 1997 to 2002, he served on the UN International Law Commission. From 2012 to 2013, he was a Judge ad hoc for Costa Rica in a case before the International Court of Justice. Also before the Hague Court, Simma was Co- agent and Counsel for Germany in the LaGrand Case against the United States as well as Counsel for Cameroon in its Land and Maritime Boundary Case against Nigeria. Since 2012, he is a member of the Advisory Committee on Nominations of the Assembly of States parties to the International Criminal Court. He has also served, and is currently serving, as an arbitrator in a number of inter-State and international foreign investment arbitrations as well as in international commercial and sports law (CAS)arbitrations.

Bruno Simma has also had a long and distinguished academic career, as Professor of Law at the University of Munich for over 30 years, where he remained despite numerous offers from other universities, and as Visiting Professor and currently Professor of Law (on leave during his tenure at the IUSCT) at the University of Michigan Law School. He is a co- founder and co-editor of the European Journal of International Law, a co-founder of the European Society of International Law, and an associate member of the Institut de droit international. Together with Alfred Verdross, he co-authored Universelles Völkerrecht, one of the most influential textbooks in international law and, more recently, he edited the leading Commentary on the Charter of the United Nations. He has published and edited or co-edited several other books and is the author or co-author of around 150 academic contributions. In 2009, Simma offered the General Course at the Hague Academy of International Law. He has received honorary degrees from the Universities of Macerata, Glasgow and Innsbruck.